University of Alabama Micromobility UL Requirements

Electric bicycles and scooters (e-bikes and e-scooters) continue to grow in popularity as affordable, environmentally friendly transportation options. However, the lithium-ion batteries that power these devices an pose fire and explosion risks. To support the safety of the University of Alabama community, the following requirements apply:

• All micromobility vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and chargers must be UL-certified and are subject to inspection by Transportation and Parking staff.
• Applicable UL standards include UL 2849 for e-bikes, UL 2272 for e-scooters, e-skateboards, and e-hoverboards, and UL 2271 for micromobility batteries.
• Devices must be certified to UL 2849 or UL 2271 and display the certification mark of the Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory. (NRTL) that conducted the testing (e.g., TÜV, SGS, ETL, UL).
• Vehicles or removable batteries that are not UL-certified will not be registered and may not be operated on University property.
• Owners of multiple devices must register each one individually. Any new vehicles, batteries, or chargers acquired after initial registration must also meet UL certification requirements.
• Only registered personal micromobility vehicles may use designated micromobility parking and Park and Charge stations. 

Battery Safety

Lithium-ion batteries offer efficient power but can pose serious fire hazards if damaged, misused, or exposed to extreme temperatures. These conditions can lead to thermal runaway, a rapid, uncontrolled increase in internal temperature that may exceed 300°C (572°F), potentially causing a fire, explosion, or the release of hazardous gases. 

To reduce risk:

• Purchase only UL-listed devices and batteries, as many online products do not meet minimum safety standards.
• Follow all manufacturer instructions, use only the charging equipment provided, and avoid modifying batteries or chargers.
• Charge and store large devices, such as e-bikes, outdoors at approved charging stations. Charging is not permitted inside any UA building.
• Be mindful of charging in extreme heat, as this can lead to accelerated risks in overheating and thermal runaway.
• Inspect devices regularly for signs of damage, including swelling, punctures, overheating, discoloration, unusual sounds, odors, or hissing. Stop using the device immediately if any of these signs are present.
• Damaged or expired batteries must be recycled at an approved battery recycling facility and may not be disposed of in regular trash. For guidance on proper disposal, contact Environmental Health and Safety at 205-348-5905 or submit a concern through the website.

If a fire occurs, evacuate immediately according to established procedures, and contact emergency services once outside. Early warning signs such as smoke or hissing require prompt action, as battery-related fires can escalate quickly. Also, be mindful of the possibility of reignition after a lithium-ion battery fire has been extinguished.

More Information

For more information on lithium-ion battery safety, visit the Center for Campus Fire Safety or view the Fire Administration’s “Take C.H.A.R.G.E of Battery Safety” PSA on Vimeo.