Battery Safety

Lithium-ion batteries offer efficient power but can pose serious fire hazards if damaged, misused, or exposed to extreme temperatures. These conditions can lead to thermal runaway, a rapid, uncontrolled increase in internal temperature that may exceed 300°C (572°F), potentially causing a fire, explosion, or the release of hazardous gases. 

To reduce risk:

• Purchase only UL-listed devices and batteries, as many online products do not meet minimum safety standards.
• Follow all manufacturer instructions, use only the charging equipment provided, and avoid modifying batteries or chargers.
• Charge and store large devices, such as e-bikes, outdoors at approved charging stations. Charging is not permitted inside any UA building.
• Be mindful of charging in extreme heat, as this can lead to accelerated risks in overheating and thermal runaway.
• Inspect devices regularly for signs of damage, including swelling, punctures, overheating, discoloration, unusual sounds, odors, or hissing. Stop using the device immediately if any of these signs are present.
• Damaged or expired batteries must be recycled at an approved battery recycling facility and may not be disposed of in regular trash. For guidance on proper disposal, contact Environmental Health and Safety at 205-348-5905 or submit a concern through the website.

If a fire occurs, evacuate immediately according to established procedures, and contact emergency services once outside. Early warning signs such as smoke or hissing require prompt action, as battery-related fires can escalate quickly. Be mindful of the possibility of reignition after a lithium-ion battery fire has been extinguished.

Micromobility Best Practices

Electric bicycles and scooters (e-bikes and e-scooters) continue to grow in popularity as affordable transportation options. However, the lithium-ion batteries that power these devices pose fire and explosion risks. EHS strongly recommends the following best practices to support the safety of the University of Alabama community:

• Micromobility vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and chargers should be UL-certified.
• Follow all manufacturers instructions.
• Use only original, manufacturer-approved charger.
• Do not modify batteries, chargers, or devices.
• Avoid charging in direct sunlight or extreme heat; this can increase the risk of overheating and battery failure.
• Regularly inspect devices for warning signs, including:
  • Swelling or bulging
  • Punctures or physical damage
  • Overheating
  • Discoloration
  • Unusual noises (e.g., popping or hissing)
  • Odors or smoke

More Information

For more information on lithium-ion battery safety, visit the Center for Campus Fire Safety or view the Fire Administration’s “Take C.H.A.R.G.E of Battery Safety” PSA on Vimeo.